The judges failed to recuse themselves from 685 lawsuits from 2010 to 2018 involving firms in which they or their family held shares, a Wall Street Journal investigation found.
By James V. Grimaldi, Coulter Jones and Joe Palazzolo
More than 130 federal judges have violated U.S. law and judicial ethics by overseeing court cases involving companies in which they or their family owned stock.
A Wall Street Journal investigation found that judges have improperly failed to disqualify themselves from 685 court cases around the nation since 2010. The jurists were appointed by nearly every president from Lyndon Johnson to Donald Trump.
About two-thirds of federal district judges disclosed holdings of individual stocks, and nearly one of every five who did heard at least one case involving those stocks.
Alerted to the violations by the Journal, 56 of the judges have directed court clerks to notify parties in 329 lawsuits that they should have recused themselves. That means new judges might be assigned, potentially upending rulings.
When judges participated in such cases, about two-thirds of their rulings on motions that were contested came down in favor of their or their family’s financial interests.
In New York, Judge Edgardo Ramos handled a suit between an Exxon Mobil Corp. unit and TIG Insurance Co. over a pollution claim while owning between $15,001 and $50,000 of Exxon stock, according to his financial disclosure form. He accepted an arbitration panel’s opinion that TIG should pay Exxon $25 million and added $8 million of interest to the tab.
In Colorado, Judge Lewis Babcock oversaw a case involving a ComcastCorp. subsidiary, ruling in its favor, while he or his family held between $15,001 and $50,000 of Comcast stock.
At an Ohio-based appeals court, Judge Julia Smith Gibbons wrote an opinion that favored Ford Motor Co. in a trademark dispute while her husband held stock in the auto maker. After she and the others on the three-judge appellate panel heard arguments but before they ruled, her husband’s financial adviser bought two chunks of Ford stock, each valued at up to $15,000, for his retirement account, according to her disclosure form.
Edgardo Ramos, Lewis Babcock, Julia Smith Gibbons
The hundreds of recusal violations found by the Journal breach a bedrock principle of American jurisprudence: No one should be a judge of his or her own cause. Congress first laid out that principle in 1792 to guarantee litigants an impartial judge and reassure the public that courts could be trusted.
Judge Ramos, who oversaw the Exxon case, was unaware of his violation, said an official of the New York federal court, because his “recusal list”—a tally judges keep of parties they shouldn’t have in their courtrooms—listed only parent Exxon Mobil Corp. and not the unit, whose name includes the additional word “oil.” The official said the court conflict-screening software relied on exact matches.
The unit had informed the court at the outset of the case that it was a subsidiary of Exxon Mobil so Judge Ramos could “evaluate possible disqualification or recusal,” a court filing shows.
See the federal judges with financial conflicts
RELATED LINKS
- Federal Judges With Financial Conflicts
- Judge Rodney Gilstrap Sets an Unwanted Record: Most Cases With Financial Conflicts
- A Post-Watergate Law Some Judges Overlook
- How the Journal Found Judges’ Violations of Law on Conflicts
After the Journal contacted Judge Ramos, who was named to the court by former President Barack Obama, the court’s clerk notified the parties of his stockholding. TIG attorneys asked the court to set aside his ruling and send the case to a new judge because of “the inevitable appearance of partiality.” Exxon opposed assigning a new judge, calling that a “manifest unfairness, gross inefficiency, and waste of judicial resources.” An appellate court has put a hearing on hold until the district court decides what to do.
In the Comcast case, a Colorado couple asked Judge Babcock to issue an order blocking Comcast from accessing their property to install fiber-optic cable. Representing themselves in court, Andrew O’Connor and Mary Henry accused Comcast workers of bullying them, scaring their 10-year-old daughter and injuring their dog, Einstein, allegations the company denied. Judge Babcock, who was appointed to the court by former President Ronald Reagan, ruled the couple had “continually blocked Comcast’s access to the easement.” He sent the case back to state court, as Comcast wanted.
“I dropped the ball,” Judge Babcock said when asked about the recusal violation. He blamed flawed internal procedures. “Thank you for helping me stay on my toes the way I’m supposed to,” he said. A Comcast spokeswoman declined to comment.
Mr. O’Connor, who settled his case in state court, said, “If you are a federal judge, you should not be holding individual stocks.”
Judge Gibbons from the Ford trademark case, appointed to the appeals court by former President George W. Bush, said she had mistakenly believed holdings in her husband’s retirement account didn’t require her recusal. She later directed the clerk of the Sixth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals to notify the parties of the violation and said that her husband has since told his financial adviser not to buy individual stocks.
“I regret my misunderstanding, but I assure you it was an honest one,” she said.
A spokesman for Ford said: “A fair and impartial judiciary is critical to the integrity of our legal system. In this case, the violation of Ford’s trademarks was clear.”
“I dropped the ball. Thank you for helping me stay on my toes the way I’m supposed to.”— Judge Lewis Babcock, when asked about his violations
Nothing bars judges from owning stocks, but federal law since 1974 has prohibited judges from hearing cases that involve a party in which they, their spouses or their minor children have a “legal or equitable interest, however small.” That law and the Judicial Conference of the U.S., which is the federal courts’ policy-making body, require judges to avoid even the appearance of a conflict. Although most lawsuits don’t directly affect a company’s stock price, the Supreme Court in 1988 said the law’s purpose is to promote confidence in the judiciary.
Conflict-of-interest rules are common for state and federal employees as well as for lawyers, journalists and corporate executives. U.S. government workers may not participate “personally and substantially” in matters in which they have a financial interest.
The Journal reviewed financial disclosure forms filed annually for 2010 through 2018 by roughly 700 federal judges who reported holding individual stocks of large companies, and then compared those holdings to tens of thousands of court dockets in civil cases. The same conflict rules apply to criminal cases, but large companies are rarely charged, and the Journal found no instances of judges holding shares of corporate criminal defendants in their courts.
It found that 129 federal district judges and two federal appellate judges had at least one case in which a stock they or their family owned was a plaintiff or defendant.
Judges’ stockholdings exceeded $15,000 in 173 cases and $50,000 in 21 of those cases, although under the law, the amount doesn’t matter.
The Journal found 61 judges or their families not only holding stocks in companies that were plaintiffs or defendants in the judges’ courts but also trading the stocks during cases.
Judges offered a variety of explanations for the violations. Some blamed court clerks. Some said their recusal lists had misspellings that foiled the conflict-screening software. Some pointed to trades that resulted in losses. Others said they had only nominal roles, such as confirming settlements or transferring cases to other courts, though there is no legal exemption for such work.
The ethics code for federal judges “requires recusal when a judge has a financial conflict, regardless of the substance of the judge’s actual involvement in the case,” the Judicial Conference’s Committee on Codes of Conduct wrote in a letter to a judge this month.
Some blamed court clerks. Some said their recusal lists had misspellings. Some pointed to trades that resulted in losses.
In response to the Journal’s findings, the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts said: “The Wall Street Journal’s report on instances where conflicts inadvertently were not identified before a case was resolved or transferred is troubling, and the Administrative Office is carefully reviewing the matter.”
It said the federal judiciary “takes very seriously its obligations to preclude any financial conflicts of interest” and has taken steps, such as conflict-screening software and ethics training, to prevent violations. “We have in place a number of safeguards and are looking for ways to improve,” the office said.
Chief Justice John Roberts, who heads the federal judiciary, didn’t respond to requests for comment.
The nation’s roughly 600 full-time federal trial judges, supplemented by about 460 semiretired jurists called senior judges, wield enormous power. Holding lifetime appointments, they preside over hundreds of thousands of civil and criminal cases each year in 94 court districts.
They have soup-to-nuts control over all elements of their courtrooms, from pretrial process and trial to criminal pleas, judgments and sentencing. Judges have wide latitude for fact findings and evidentiary rulings, most of which can be overturned only for abuse of discretion, a high hurdle.
Violations of the 1974 law almost never become public. Judges’ financial disclosures aren’t online, are cumbersome to request and sometimes take years to access.
Judges are informed if anyone requests to see their disclosures, creating a disincentive for lawyers who might fear annoying judges in whose courtrooms they frequently appear.
Judges rarely make public the lists of companies on whose cases they shouldn’t work. When judges disqualify themselves from cases, they typically don’t disclose details. No judges in modern times have been removed from the federal bench solely for having a financial interest in a plaintiff or defendant that appeared in their courtroom.
“I just blew it. I regret any question that I’ve created an appearance of impropriety or a conflict of interest.”— Judge Timothy Batten Sr., when notified of his violations
The Journal analyzed data from the Free Law Project, a nonpartisan legal-research nonprofit that is planning to post judicial disclosure forms online. The findings amount to a pervasive disregard for the judicial conflict-of-interest laws, legal experts said.
A recusal violation in isolation could be viewed as an oversight, but the Journal’s investigation “raises a more systemic problem of judges chronically neglecting their duty to disqualify in such cases,” said Charles Geyh, a law professor at Indiana University, who specializes in judicial conduct, ethics and accountability.
The findings “are both surprising and disappointing,” said Timothy Batten Sr., chief judge of the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia and a member of the Committee on Codes of Conduct for the Judicial Conference of the U.S.
“I believe in the vast majority of these cases, it is an oversight and indolence,” he added.
Judge Batten himself owned shares of JPMorgan Chase & Co. while he heard 11 lawsuits involving the bank, most of which ended in the bank’s favor, the Journal’s analysis shows.
“I am mortified,” Judge Batten said in a phone interview when notified about his violations, which occurred in 2010 and 2011, before he joined the Codes of Conduct committee in 2019. “I had no idea that I had an interest in any of these companies in what was a most modest retirement account” managed by a broker.
“I just blew it. I regret any question that I’ve created or appearance of impropriety or a conflict of interest,” he said.
Timothy Batten Sr., Janis Sammartino, Rodney Gilstrap
Judge Batten, appointed by former President George W. Bush, said he stopped investing in individual stocks in 2012 and moved his portfolio to mutual funds, which don’t require recusal, and has since closed the account.
The Journal analyzed cases to determine whether judges made rulings on contested motions, such as those seeking dismissal or summary judgment. Judges ruled on contested motions in 21% of the nearly 700 cases in question.
Those rulings favored the judges’ financial interests in 94 cases, went against the judges’ interest in 27 cases and had mixed outcomes in 24 cases.
Already, several parties on the losing side of the rulings have petitioned for a new judge to hear their cases after they were alerted to the violations identified by the Journal.
Several judges misunderstood the law, initially saying that they didn’t have to recuse themselves because their shares were held in accounts run by a money manager.
The ban on holding even a single share of a company while presiding in a case involving the firm means judges must be vigilant. The 1974 law requires judges to inform themselves about their own financial interests and make a “reasonable effort” to do the same for their spouses and any minor children. The Judicial Conference of the U.S. requires courts to use conflict-checking software to help identify cases where judges should bow out.
Judge Janis Sammartino of California traded in stocks of Bank of America Corp., CVS Health Corp., Deutsche Bank AG, Hartford Financial Services Group Inc., HSBC Holdings PLC, JPMorgan, PfizerInc., Public Storage, Wells Fargo & Co. and Microsoft Corp. while hearing 18 lawsuits involving one or more of those companies, the Journal found. In all, she heard 54 cases involving companies held in her family’s trusts.
In the Microsoft case, a Chicago man alleged the software giant violated the Telephone Consumer Protection Act by sending an unsolicited text about its Xbox gaming console to his mobile phone. He filed suit in 2011. One of Judge Sammartino’s family trusts bought Microsoft stock twice in 2012 and added three purchases in 2013.
The plaintiff’s lawyers sought in 2013 to turn the case into a class action involving 91,708 people who allegedly received the text messages. Microsoft said that it had received permission to send the texts but that records confirming this had been destroyed. Had a class been approved, the case could potentially have cost Microsoft more than $45 million, according to court filings by the plaintiff.
Judge Sammartino denied the class-action motion as well as Microsoft’s motion to dismiss the case. She ruled that the law permitted the plaintiff to seek damages of $500 for one alleged violation, potentially tripled. He appealed but settled before the appeal was heard. A spokesman for Microsoft declined to comment. One of the plaintiff’s lawyers also declined to comment.
Judge Sammartino, an appointee of former President George W. Bush, initially referred questions from the Journal to William Cracraft, a spokesman for the Ninth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals. “She asked me to let you know” her stocks “are in a managed account, so she’s not seeing as how there could be a conflict,” Mr. Cracraft said. “She’s not inclined to discuss her private business with you since it is all in managed accounts, and she thinks that’s sufficient.”
An opinion by the Judicial Conference’s Committee on Codes of Conduct in 2013 confirmed that judges must bow out of cases involving stocks they own in accounts run by money managers.
Judge Sammartino later informed the court clerk’s office of the conflicts, and the office filed a letter notifying parties to the Microsoft case and other cases with violations identified by the Journal.
“Judge Sammartino was not aware of this financial interest at the time the case was pending,” the letter said. “The matter was brought to her attention after disposition of the case. Thus, the financial interest neither affected nor impacted her decisions in this case. However, the financial interest would have required recusal.”
Before the Journal contacted Judge Sammartino about her recusal violations, she disqualified herself in at least 10 other cases involving companies whose stocks were listed on her disclosure forms, a review of her cases shows.
Judge Rodney Gilstrap, chief of the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, had the largest number of conflicts in the Journal’s analysis: 138 cases assigned to him involving companies in which he or his wife held an interest.
Judge Gilstrap said he believed he didn’t need to recuse himself from some cases because they required little or no action on his part, and in other cases because the stocks were in a trust created for his wife. Legal-ethics experts disagreed on both counts.
“I take my obligations related to potential conflicts/recusals seriously,” he said in an email. “Throughout my judicial career, I have endeavored to comply with all such obligations, and I will continue to do so.”
Judge Sammartino’s 54 conflicts were the second-most recusal violations. Brian Martinotti in New Jersey ranked third, handling 44 cases involving companies in which he had invested. Among his biggest holdings was Alphabet Inc., the parent of Google. He disclosed in 2016, 2017 and 2018 that he owned $15,001 to $50,000 of Alphabet shares.
Brian Martinotti, Gershwin Drain, Emily Marks
In 2017, the judge threw out a lawsuit against Google alleging that videos on its YouTube unit falsely said the plaintiff was a sex offender, ruling that the Communications Decency Act let Google off the hook.
Judge Martinotti, an Obama appointee, didn’t respond to requests for comment, but after the Journal inquired, the district court clerk notified parties to 44 cases of Judge Martinotti’s stock ownership. His Alphabet holding didn’t affect the judge’s decisions but would have required recusal, the clerk wrote. A spokesman for Google declined to comment.
“I would like my case to be re-opened as Judge Brian R. Martinotti was unfairly biased and should have recused himself from my case,” the plaintiff, Nuwan Weerahandi, wrote in an August 2021 letter to the court, after receiving notice of Judge Martinotti’s violation.
The chief judge of the New Jersey federal court, Freda Wolfson, denied Mr. Weerahandi’s request on Sept. 2, saying the Communications Decency Act bars defamation-related claims against computer services such as Google.
“Importantly, in making this purely legal determination, Judge Martinotti did not engage in any factfinding that would bear on the credibility of any party, including you,” Judge Wolfson wrote.
In at least 18 instances, judges disqualified themselves over conflicts, only to have the case reassigned to a judge who also had a conflict but didn’t recuse.
In 2015, Judge Robert Cleland in Michigan, a George H.W. Bush appointee, bowed out of a suit by an injured motorist against insurer Allstate Corp., whose stock the judge had been buying and selling that year.
The case was reassigned to Judge Gershwin Drain, who also owned Allstate shares. Judge Drain heard the case—and six others involving Allstate—and wrote a ruling denying a request by the motorist to move the dispute to state court. The case then settled on undisclosed terms.
Presented with his conflicts in 42 cases, Judge Drain, an Obama appointee, said he had added notices to the court’s public docket for each suit.
“I can say with absolute certainty that I never made any decision in favor of a company because I owned stock and was invested in that company,” Judge Drain said in an email. “To prevent any future issues, however, I have taken steps to review any new cases and if I am invested in any of the companies among the new cases that are assigned to me I will immediately recuse myself.” Allstate didn’t respond to requests for comment. A lawyer for the motorist declined to comment.
Frequent recusals can upset courts’ random drawing of judges for cases and lead to a smaller pool. In 20 federal districts, a third or more judges owned the same stock in the same year. In the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia in 2017, fully a third disclosed a Microsoft stock holding.
More than 340 federal appellate and trial judges reported holdings in Apple Inc. at some point from 2010 to 2018 and 300 in Microsoft. About 500 judges owned Bank of America, Citigroup Inc., JPMorgan or Wells Fargo shares at some point.
Those numbers reflect only stock ownership, not recusal violations. However, the Journal found 37 judges who owned a bank stock while improperly hearing a case involving that bank.
Judge Emily Marks bought Wells Fargo stock two weeks after she was assigned a Wells Fargo case, a conflict that now threatens to upset a ruling she made.
In the suit, Jacob Springer and Jeanetta Springer of Roanoke, Ala., acted as their own attorneys in challenging Wells Fargo’s foreclosure of Ms. Springer’s father’s home.
In court filings, they said her ailing father missed a mortgage payment three months before he died, after which his daughter, who inherited the home, made payments. Wells Fargo foreclosed, saying the Springers missed payments of about $4,100 on an outstanding mortgage of more than $80,000; they said they had missed just one $695 payment.
“This is outrageous. How am I supposed to know she owns stock in Wells Fargo?”— Jacob Springer, when told of the judge’s violation in the case he lost
Judge Marks, chief judge of the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Alabama and an appointee of former President Donald Trump, was assigned the case in mid-August 2018. The judge bought Wells Fargo stock at the end of the month. In September, she adopted a magistrate judge’s recommendation to dismiss the Springers’ suit, a decision affirmed on appeal.
Judge Marks declined to comment. The court clerk told parties to the case that the judge had informed her of having owned the bank stock and directed the clerk to notify the parties. The clerk told them Judge Marks’s stock ownership didn’t affect her decisions in the case but would have required recusal.
Mr. Springer said, “This is outrageous. How am I supposed to know she owns stock in Wells Fargo?”
The Springers asked the court to reopen the case, saying in a filing that “a non-interested Judge” might have let them amend their pleadings. The court assigned a new judge to their suit in July. A spokesman for Wells Fargo declined to comment.
The nation’s 94 district courts are organized into 12 circuits, or regions. The Journal identified recusal violations in each region.
The U.S. Supreme Court wasn’t part of the Journal’s analysis. Nor did it include bankruptcy or magistrate judges.
Half of all federal trial and appellate judges in the Journal’s review disclosed minimum financial assets of $775,000 in 2018, while 31 reported a minimum of $10 million of assets. Some jurists joined the bench after lucrative careers in private practice.
Federal district judges draw an annual salary of $218,600, which isn’t much more than a first-year attorney at a top-tier law firm earns. Some judges said their salary level makes stock investments an attractive option.
Susan Webber Wright, Donald Graham, Benjamin Settle
“I have my judicial salary, but the law really restricts what else judges can do for additional income,” said Judge Susan Webber Wright in Arkansas. She said she held more stock when she was younger and trying to build a nest egg for her family.
Judge Wright, an appointee of former President George H.W. Bush, oversaw 2005 and 2006 cases involving Eli Lilly and Co. and Home Depot Inc. while owning shares of those companies. She issued no major rulings before one case settled and the other was transferred to another district.
“A judge has to be on her toes, and obviously I was not,” Judge Wright said.
Judges who have many conflicts are “either being careless or have people working for them who are not exercising due diligence,” she said, though she added that judges bear the ultimate responsibility for steering clear of conflicts.
Judge Donald Graham in Florida held American depositary receipts of Alcatel-Lucent while assigned to a case involving the French telecom maker. He sold the ADRs in 2010, a day after he approved a $45 million civil settlement between the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and Alcatel-Lucent over allegations the company bribed foreign officials. The company neither admitted nor denied the allegations.
After being contacted by the Journal, Judge Graham, a George H.W. Bush appointee, notified the court clerk of the violation. In a publicly filed letter to the parties, the clerk said Judge Graham’s holding didn’t affect his decisions.
A lawyer for the SEC told the court the agency didn’t believe any further action was required. Alcatel-Lucent’s current owner, Nokia Corp., declined to comment.
Judge Benjamin Settle in Washington state sold as much as $15,000 of Amgen Inc. stock during a case that was settled in 2012. He sold the stock in 2008, while the suit was under seal, giving him access to nonpublic information about an allegation of kickbacks to doctors. The case contributed to a $762 million penalty against the biotech company in 2012.
Judge Settle, a George W. Bush appointee, said he hadn’t included all of his holdings on his recusal list when he inherited the case in 2007 as a newly commissioned federal judge. “Amgen was among those mistakenly omitted,” he said.
Judge Settle said he directed his broker in 2008 to sell all of his stocks. A spokesman for Amgen declined to comment.
The Journal’s tally of recusal violations is likely an undercount. In Mississippi, Judge Sharion Aycock’s husband owned as much as $15,000 in shares of Dollar General Corp. at a time when the Journal found two cases she heard involving the retailer. After being asked about the matter, Judge Aycock found five more violations involving Dollar General and notified the clerk about all seven.
A few of the judges with violations the Journal identified had legendary careers, including Jack Weinstein and Arthur Spatt in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York.
Judge Weinstein, a Lyndon Johnson appointee, oversaw four cases involving Medtronic PLC or Target Corp. while he or his family held their shares. Judge Spatt, who was named to the court by former President George H.W. Bush, had a violation involving Johnson & Johnson. Judge Spatt died in 2020 and Judge Weinstein died earlier this year, both having served into their 90s.
Judge Margo Brodie, chief of the Eastern District, which includes New York City’s Brooklyn and Queens boroughs, acknowledged the conflicts but said the judges’ “involvement was minimal, limited to ministerial actions” such as approving settlements or opinions by magistrate judges.
“These two judges have been revered by the practicing bar for their integrity and even handedness,” Judge Brodie said in an email. “There has never been a suggestion, much less an accusation, that either ever acted inappropriately.”
The Journal identified 36 conflicts by one judge in Colorado, R. Brooke Jackson. The cases included Apple, Chevron Corp., Eli Lilly, FacebookInc., General Electric Co., Home Depot, Honeywell International Inc., Johnson & Johnson, JPMorgan, Pfizer and Wells Fargo.
“I have preferred to stay unknowledgeable about it.”— Judge R. Brooke Jackson, on the stocks in his and his wife’s portfolio
Reached by phone, Judge Jackson said he had no idea which stocks he owns because a money manager handles them and because his wife fills out his disclosure forms. He said that because he doesn’t know, he couldn’t have a conflict of interest.
“I’ve never really paid much attention to it,” Judge Jackson said of his and his wife’s investments. “I have preferred to stay unknowledgeable about it.”
Told he was required to know under the law, he said: “That’s news to me.”
In a later email, Judge Jackson, an Obama appointee, admitted his mistake. “I am taking immediate steps to provide a current list of stocks and other investments held by my wife and by me to our Clerk’s Office so that we can create an appropriate conflicts list and be sure that this does not happen again,” he wrote.
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In a subsequent 21-page letter to the Journal, Judge Jackson said he should have recused himself in most if not all of the 36 cases.
“I am embarrassed that I did not properly understand and apply the stock ownership rule,” he wrote. “Being informed of what could be viewed as an ethical violation, even a technical one, is no fun.”
R. Brooke Jackson, David Norton, Sharion Aycock
Judge David Norton in South Carolina presided over six asbestos suits beginning in 2012 while his disclosures show he held between $95,004 and $250,000 of stock in two defendants, 3M Co. and GE.
In 2015 he heard a case filed by James Chesher, who alleged that he developed cancer from exposure to asbestos in the Navy. Mr. Chesher and his wife sought damages from 3M, GE and about two dozen other companies. They reached settlements with 3M and GE in 2016.
Mr. Chesher died in 2017. His widow, Cheryl Ann Chesher, was surprised to learn from the Journal of the judge’s financial interest in GE and 3M.
“He should have policed himself,” Ms. Chesher said. “He knows what the law is on that and he should have followed through,” she said, adding: “You have to wonder if he’s looking out for himself…rather than the clients.”
In an emailed statement, Judge Norton said he didn’t recuse himself because 3M and GE played no significant role in the suits and were “defendants in name only.”
He added: “At the outset the lawyers involved in these cases assured me that 3M and GE would be dismissed and not involved in the case pursuant to a pre-existing agreement between the plaintiffs’ lawyers and GE and 3M.”
Peter Kraus, an attorney for the Cheshers, said he and his co-counsel “have no recollection about making any assurances to the judge that GE and 3M would be dismissed.” They “were sued because the evidence in the case implicated them, and were certainly not ‘defendants in name only,’ ” he said, adding that attorneys for both companies participated in depositions.
A 3M spokeswoman said neither the company nor its attorneys ever assured the judge regarding any dismissals. A spokeswoman for GE didn’t respond to questions about whether it had conveyed such an assurance. An attorney for GE said she didn’t recall the case.
Told what 3M and the plaintiffs’ attorney said, Judge Norton reiterated his recollection of the case.
As remaining asbestos defendants moved toward trial, Judge Norton, a George H.W. Bush appointee, issued rulings that broadly benefited companies with asbestos liabilities.
In hearings, he took aim at the theory behind the cases: that any exposure to asbestos was significant enough to contribute to their cancer. The defendants said the plaintiffs’ expert witness shouldn’t be allowed to testify because he was unable to show that the men more likely than not would have avoided the disease but for their exposure to the asbestos. Judge Norton sided with the companies, ruling that the expert witness’s testimony—“scientifically sound as it may be”—couldn’t be presented to a jury.
The ruling drew national attention. Plaintiffs’ lawyers denounced it, while lawyers who often defend corporations embraced it as common-sense analysis. A Harvard Law Review article blasted it, saying that “unrealistic legal expectations of science could do great injustice.”
Mr. Kraus, the Cheshers’s attorney, called the decision out of sync with court precedent on liability in asbestos cases. Other courts have adopted Judge Norton’s analysis, including the Ohio Supreme Court.
Mr. Kraus said he has never asked to see a judge’s financial disclosure form. He said he wasn’t sure he ever would.
“If a judge who is considering a matter you have before him finds out that you’ve been snooping around about his finances, I’d be very concerned as a practitioner that it would cause a negative backlash that would affect my clients’ rights in the court,” Mr. Kraus said.
Judge Norton also violated an ethics rule when he bought a box of cuff links at an auction of the government-seized property of a man he earlier sentenced to prison for a Ponzi scheme, according to the chief judge of the Fourth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals.
“The judge’s purchase did create an appearance of impropriety,” though it didn’t affect the sentence imposed, Chief Judge Roger Gregory wrote in 2017, without identifying the cuff links buyer.
Judge Gregory quoted the unnamed judge as saying he tried to “keep current on all ethical rules and take the yearly ethics test prepared by the Administrative office” but was unaware that his participation in the auction could create the appearance of impropriety.
Judge Norton, who confirmed in a separate filing that he bought the cuff links, told the Fourth Circuit: “Now that I have been made aware of this, my actions will not be repeated.”
The National Lawyers Guild (NLG-SFBA) Human Civil Rights Committee (HCRC)
The National Lawyers Guild (NLG-SFBA) Human Civil Rights Committee (HCRC)
Human Civil Rights Committee Exploratory Meeting
Please contact our colleague Abdul Jalil al-Hakim (legal@amwftrust.org) if you are interested in joining us for an exploratory meeting to assess the idea of initiating a new committee focused on an integral approach to issues related to human rights and civil rights, in the tradition of the NLG’s long standing work as a space for the strategic convergence of movements in defense of our most fundamental rights.
Camilo Pérez-Bustillo
Executive Director
https://AMWFTRUST.ORG
(510) 394-4101
legal@amwftrust.org
In doing so we are engaging in a membership drive aimed specifically to increase the membership in that Committee to include Civil Rights Lawyers, Groups and Organizations; Multi Cultural/Interfaith Religious Institutions; Unions and union members; advocates/activist; educators/students; and concerned Community members vested in the betterment of the lives of those whose Civil Rights are being compromised the greatest. Potential new associate members would apply to ALL the NATIONAL movements: Federal, State and Local, Political and Legislative, Senate and House members advocacy; Constitutional, Human and Civil rights organizations; Black Lives Matter; Defund the Police Reform; Social Justice Reform; Anti-Systemic Racism organizations; Voters Rights organizations; Immigration; Climate Justice; Healthcare; Wealth Inequality; Education; Gun Violence; Hunger and Food Insecurity; Abortion-Pro Choice Rights; LGBTQIA; School-to-Prison Pipeline; Homelessness; Abuse movements; Color of Change, James Rucker, Van Jones, Colin Kaepernick, Malcolm Jenkins, Anquan Bolden, AND ALL community-based organizations, activist, advocates, service providers, donors, volunteers, nonprofit groups, in collaboration with ALL hunger, health care, housing, violence, abuse, counseling, senior, youth, women, children, civil rights, employment, and education response agencies- to thousands of men, women and children living in San Francisco/ Oakland Bay Area in California to help transform NOT JUST the lives of people in need, BUT ALL PEOPLE.
There was once a time back in the late 1960’s and 1970’s where the NLG, specifically in the Bay Area, LEAD THE WORLD in the fight for Civil Rights with so many GREAT lawyers whose strategy, tactics and style was not only imitated, but taught as a tool for success!
With Roe v Wade Women’s Rights overturned; George Floyd Police Reform Bill stalled; John Lewis Voter Rights Bill locked out with counter laws to deny equal voting rights surging across the country; LGBTQ rights headed for reversal; Immigration Bills ended; DACA Act denied; Enviornmental, Criminal, Prison and Social Justice reforms disbanded; WITH ALL HUMAN AND CIVIL RIGHTS UNDER ATTACK, WHEREIN AMERICAN SOCIETY HAS BEEN SET BACK OVER 100 YEARS, URGENCY IS AN UNDERSTATEMENT.
This illustrates that ALL CIVIL RIGHTS are under sever threat of being rolled back 100 years!, Unless and until there is complete Judicial Reform revoking immunity for Judges, Police and Prosecutors to END Grand Systemic and Endemic Corruption, that maintains and continues the Jim Crow administration of justice serving White Class and Privileged Bias, YOUR LIVES, BLACK LIVES, ALL LIVES DON’T MATTER!
The dramatic long standing effects of the Jim Crow administration of justice is characterized by tyrannical Federal, State, and Local Governments; Corrupt Federal, State, and Local Government Judicial and Law Enforcement Agencies; Rampant Fraud and Corruption; Class, Race and Caste Societal Wars; Dehumanization of the Minority and Poor Masses; Financial Collapse; Famine, Disease; Food Insecurity; Affordable Housing Drought; Sky Rocketing Unemployment; Social Unrest; Environmental Disaster; other characteristics representative of a Cataclysmic Decline in Society as the Rich Top 2% Just Get Richer at everyone else’s expense!!
With the WHOLE WORLD protesting the reversal of Roe v Wade and the integrity, or lack thereof, of the Supreme and lower Courts, this is a HUMAN concern that will only grow in importance everyday!
Pro-Democracy Human Civil Rights policy leaders around the world, have a very difficult challenge.
This is not a regular challenge, nor traditional contest of the kind you and I have ever had in the past, deciding whether we should have this kind of legal Human Civil Rights policy for a movement or that kind of Human Civil Rights policy for a movement. Our society has become increasingly a contest between liberal democracy — continued and expanded liberal democracy against fascism, political violence, illiberalism.
We are fighting against forces that want to and are increasingly gaining control over our ability to have a Human Civil Rights policy be something that can be thrown out with elections if they don’t like the results or answer they get.
If you are in the position of being in the pro-democracy, Human Civil Rights movement, here is your challenge. On the one hand, you have to call out those threats to pro-democracy, to Human Civil Rights, because it’s incredibly important to do so. You have to be outraged because you should be outraged. But if that is all you are offering, you are NOT effectively providing Human Civil Rights policy for any effective solutions, much less a movement! YOU ARE NOT meeting those MOST in need, nor voters where they are in the concerns that they have in the lived terrain of their lives.
The challenge for pro-democracy forces effectively providing Human Civil Rights policy with any effective solutions, and a movement is, how can our pro-democracy forces beat back this threat of authoritarianism- fascism, political violence, illiberalism? Not simply by condemning it, which people have gotten very good at, but actually, outcompeting it.
Outcompeting it for hearts and minds. Outcompeting it so that those MOST in need feel their cause is more immediate to ALL peoples’ lives than fascism and authoritarianism does. Those MOST in need FEEL more exuberant and transcendent than fascism and authoritarianism does. Offers more belonging than fascism and authoritarianism does. It offers more of effective ANSWERS, SOLUTIONS, RESOLUTIONS of their legal Human Civil Rights bewilderment and confusion in a confusing age than fascism and authoritarianism does.
Right now, the pro-democracy movement is not succeeding, I would even argue LOSING GROUND, at outcompeting fascism. I am making a plea having spent the last 50 years studying, working on the ground developing a formula that we learn from the Bay Area’s glorious past being LEADERS in the pro-democracy, Human Civil Rights policy movement to beat back this authoritarian tide.
The American midterms had two very distinct systems of democracy and illiberal competing against each other. And I’m not just throwing that out. The majority of the Republican candidates ran on the platform are all election deniers, democracy deniers. That’s an actual fact.
As the election neared, we saw that the latest polls showed in the congressional ballot that the average support for both Democratic candidates and Republican candidates was at about 46 percent. In other words, they’re just about tied in this point. Which is a little different than what we heard a couple of months ago. We heard a couple of months ago that the stories of hope, the stories of democracy working, the stories of legislation were beginning to show up for the Democrats. But that faded out.
Where do WE go from here?
YOU CAN LEAD THE WAY!!
Respectfully,
Abdul-Jalil
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January 13, 2023
Categories: civil rights, U.S. Attorney's Office . 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Greg Abbott, government agencies, governmental and legal entities, governments, Governor, GOVERNOR GAVIN NEWSOM, Governor Ron DeSantis, governor’s senior advisor, governor’s spokeswoman, GPS information, Graduate Law Clerk, Grand Endemic Corruption, Grand Systemic Corruption, grants power of attorney, Greenstein & McDonald, Grocery, grounded in Grand Endemic and Systemic corruption, group organized to carry out the responsibilities required under the Continuum of Care Program Rule 24 CFR 578, Groups and Organizations, GSpiegel@innercitylaw.org, Gun Violence, Gustavo.Velasquez@hcd.ca.gov, guzman, h.cooc@cooclaw.com, HACA, hacking of the Democratic emails that would be nice to hear, Hamilton Families, Hank Johnson (D-Ga.), Hannah Moore, harassment, Harnden, Harrassment, HARRIS & HOFFMAN, has a shady past, has acculturated a Guantanomo Bay style system of government sponsored terror, has become the most powerful organized crime syndicate in the world, hate induced violence, having ties to the organization, Hayward, Hayward Police Department, hayward-ca, HCD, HCFC, HCFC@bcsh.ca.gov, HCRC, HCSA, he has information that is probably pertinent, He will own this issue and do the right things — not the task force, he's been someone who has released a lot of information, head, healing, Health, health care, Health Care Services Agency, Healthcare, Heather Kendrick, HeatherK@auditor.ca.gov, helping Trump, her, High gloss to cover low truth, High/Grade School, hjohnson@naeh.org, HMIS, hmissupport@acgov.org, HOA board president, HOFFPAUL@AOL.COM, holiday, Holy Names University, home, Home Stretch, Homebase, Homekey2SGM@hcd.ca.gov, Homekey@hcd.ca.gov, homeless and formerly homeless persons, Homeless Coordinating and Financing Council, homeless@americanbar.org, Homelessness, homelessness and housing, HomeStretch@acgov.org, Hon. Ben Allen, Hon. Richard Bloom, hope, HOPE SF Initiative, hospitals, House Republicans, household member ever been convicted of drug related criminal activity, housing, HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT, HOUSING AUTHORITY, HOUSING AUTHORITY OF THE CITY OF ALAMEDA, HOUSING AUTHORITY OF THE CITY OF BERKELEY, HOUSING AUTHORITY OF THE CITY OF OAKLAND, Housing Authority of the County of Alameda, HOUSING AUTHORITY OF THE COUNTY OF ALAMEDA AUTHORIZATION TO RELEASE INFORMATION, Housing Authority of the County of Alameda Housing Commission, Housing Consortium of the East Bay, Housing First Policy Specialist, housing policy, Housing Policy Development, housing search assistance during their initial housing search, housing services, Housing Systems Administrator, Housing@dss.ca.gov, housing@edenir.org, How do we know?, how public policies impact people experiencing homelessness, HSPProBono@berkeley.edu, https://AMWFTRUST.ORG, https://www, https://www.facebook.com/wedemandjusticenow/?ref=page_internal, https://www.tenantstogether.org/resource-directory, HUD and HACA may participate in computer matching programs with the sources named below to verify my eligibility and level of benefits, HUD may disclose information (other than tax return information) for certain routine uses, HUMAN, Human and Civil rights organizations, human and civil rights violations with the denial of due process, Human Civil Rights Committee, Human Rights, human rights without the God given right, Hunger, Hunger and Food Insecurity, hyper racialized enviornment, I, I agree that photocopies of this authorization may be used for the purposes stated above, I am authorizing the Housing Authority of the County of Alameda, I authorize HACA to obtain information from the agencies checked below, I don’t have to imagine – it happened to me, I HAVE ONLY RECEIVED UNENCRYPTED EMAILS FROM HACA, I have received many regular emails from everyone whom has communicated with me, I understand HACA has access to various up front verification systems, I’ve seen enough, IBanks, ICameronBanks@innercitylaw.org, idea, If the FBI can raid a U.S. President, IF THEY COME FOR ME TODAY, If you can NOT send regular emails, ignored the obvious, ILLEGALLY TARGETING and FRAMING INNOCENT, Imagine if the full force of the American justice system came down on you, imagine what they can do to you, Immigration, implement and administer, important documents, IMusa@innercitylaw.org, in, in collaboration with ALL hunger, in this case Trump’s, include Civil Rights Lawyers, including criminal records, Income and Assets, Income Gap, Income/Assets/Debts, increase the membership, independent experts, industrialist Barre Seid, influence of corrupt, info@awolfflaw.com, Info@bcsh.ca.gov, info@centrolegal.org, info@dishsf.org, info@edenir.org, info@everyonehome.org, info@fvlc.org, info@homeandhope.net, info@homelessaction.net, info@homelessactioncenter.org, info@hopesolutions.org, info@innercitylaw.org, info@justiceinaging.org, info@laesf.org, info@mercyhousing.org, info@northbeachcitizens.org, info@orionsecurity.com, info@peoplesforum.org, info@shawnkumagai.com, info@tenantstogether.org, Information from previous and current employers, infrastructure, initiating, inner, innercity, innercitylaw.org, INNOCENT, innovating in the public sector, inquiries, Inspiration, institutional representatives, intellectual property, interaction with Federal Agents, Interagency, INTERESTED, Interim Rule, international law, interrogating, Interserver, into civil rights, into the attorney general, into their State sponsored terror operation, invasive websites, invites the question of whether he used the FBI to attack a political enemy, irene.wu@acgov.org, IS EVIDENCE, is required to protect the information it obtains in accordance with the Privacy Act of 1974, Islamophobia, issue, issues related to human rights and civil rights, It is long past time to repeal this egregious affront to the 1st Amendment, it’s legal system of judges, J.C. Watts, Jack Dorsey, Jackson St., jalmanza@bayareacs.org, James Javier, James Posey, James Rucker, James Salas, James.Javier@hayward-ca.gov, Jamie Almanza, Janeen Dodson, janeen.dodson@hcd.ca.gov, Janet, Janet.Liang@kp.org, Janine Evans, JArganaraz@innercitylaw.org, JASON, Jason Elliott, Jason Wolford, Jason.Elliott@gov.ca.gov, jason@wolford-wayne.com, jaubry@everyonehome.org, jazmine.smalley@gmail.com, jbauters@emeryville.org, jcarteresq@aol.com, jdo@aclunc.org, Jean Morgan, jeannie quan, jeannie.quan@hayward-ca.gov, Jeff Merkley (D-Ore.), Jeffery Heileson, Jeffrey Carter, Jennifer Cado, Jennifer Seeger, Jennifer.seeger@hcd.ca.gov, jenniferc@haca.net, Jeremiah Williams, JeremyE@auditor.ca.gov, Jerrold Nadler (D-N.Y.), Jerry Thorne, Jesse Arreguin, Jessica, Jessica Taylor, jessicat@haca.net, JHirsch@innercitylaw.org, JJones@naeh.org, JJuarez@abodeservices.org, jkilloran@innercitylaw.org, JLeadbetter@everyonehome.org, JLee@innercitylaw.org, JLeisersen@abodeservices.org, JMorgan@abodeservices.org, JMoses@naeh.org, Joe Biden, Joel Zenger, Johanna Kanes, johanna@wolford-wayne.com, John J. Bauters, John Marchand, John Reiber, John Thomas H. Do, John Wordlaw, JohnB@auditor.ca.gov, Jon White, jonathan.hughes@arnoldporter.com, Joseph Berlin, Joseph H. Lee, Joseph Spero, joseph.lee@lw.com, Josh Jacobs, joshua Eaton, journey from the Constitution, Jovan Yglecias, Joy Jones, JPosey@abodeservices.org, Jr., jRavenscroft@tobenerlaw.com, JREED@edenhousing.org, JSmalley@innercitylaw.org, jthorne@cityofpleasantonca.gov, jtobenerlaw@tobenerlaw.com, jtreggiari@lashicap.org, Juana Nunley, Judge Barbara J. Miller, Judge C. Don Clay, Judge Claudia Wilken, Judge David C. Lee, Judge Dennis Hayashi, Judge Elizabeth Hendrickson, Judge Ellen Hendrickson, Judge Frank Roesch, Judge George Hernandez, Judge Henry Needham, Judge Jacqueline Tabor, Judge James Richman, Judge Jeff Brand, Judge Jenifer Madden, Judge Jo-Lynne Q. Lee, Judge Jon Rolefsen, Judge Jon Tigar, Judge Judith Ford, Judge Kevin R. Murphy, Judge Kim Colwell, Judge Leo Dorado, Judge Melinda Haag, Judge Michael Ballachey, Judge Michael Markman, Judge Morris Jacobson, Judge Paul Herbert, Judge Richard Hodge, Judge Robert Freedman, Judge Sandra Bean, Judge Scott Patton, Judge Stephen Kaus, Judge Stephen Pulido, Judge Sue Alexander, Judge THOMAS NIXON, Judge Winifred Smith, Judge Wynne Carville, Judge Yolanda Northridge, Judges, Judges are Politicians, Judicial Council, JUDICIAL EQUITY AND REFORM INITIATIVE Group, Judicial/Legal Systemic Racism, Judith Hinh, Judith.Hinh@bcsh.ca.gov, Jugde Ronald M. George, Julian Leisersen, Juliana Juarez, Julie Lo, Julie Snyder, Julie.Lo@bcsh.ca.gov, Juma Ventures, justice, Justice Department, Justin Benkis, Justin@AdvancedAutoservices.com, jyglecias@bayareacs.org, Kamala Harris, Kara Carnahan, Karen Bass (D-Calif.), Karina, Karina Montenegro, Karina.Montenegro@kp.org, Karla, Karla Barrow Chalif, Kate Dettmer, kate wathen, kate.wathen@kp.org, Kathleen Cheatham, Kathleen.Clanon@acgov.org, KathleenA.Clanon@acgov.org, Katie Fantin, Katie Haverly, KC Mohseni, kc.mohseni@hcd.ca.gov, KCarnahan@abodeservices.org, kchaliff@lahsa.org, KCheatham@abodeservices.org, Kelli Evans, KELLI SHIELDS, kelli.evans@gov.ca.gov, kelli@greensteinmcdonald.com, Kelly Loeffler, Kelly Miller, Ken Pon, ken@greensteinmcdonald.com, Kendall Granucci, Kendra James, KENNETH M. GREENSTEIN, Kentucky Republican, Kerry Abbott, Kerry.Abbott@acgov.org, Kevin Jackson, kfinnigan@lifemoves.org, kgranucci@cityofpleasantonca.gov, Khalil Tokhey, KHernandez@innercitylaw.org, khvann, Kim Dietz, Kimi.Tahara@acgov.org, Kingdom Builders Christian Fellowship, kjackson@ci.piedmont.ca.us, Kleptocrats, Kmahoney@innercitylaw.org, KMiller@bayareacs.org, KMiller@innercitylaw.org, KNOW THAT THE EMAILS YOU ARE SENDING, KORourke@innercitylaw.org, KPietsch@innercitylaw.org, kponcpa@sprynet.com, Krisp@auditor.ca.gov, Kristine Mostofizadeh, ksarver@raphaelhouse.org, kschulenberg@naeh.org, ktokhey@bayareacs.org, Kurt Wiest, Kurt.Wiest@acgov.org, Kurt.Wiest@haca.net, kurtw@haca.net, kyle.krause@hcd.ca.gov, L.A. County Supervisor, L.E Hunter, LAHSA Chief Operating and Legal Officer, landlord’s, Lane Hendricks, LaneH@auditor.ca.gov, Lara Tannenbaum, Larkin Street Youth Services, LATHAM, LATHAM & WATKINS LLP, Laura Broussard Rosen, Laura Stuber, Law, law enforcement, Law Enforcement Agencies, Law Office of Andrew Wolff, LAW OFFICE OF CAROL SOBEL, Law Offices of Mary Catherine Wiederhold, Law Offices of Serros & Bauman, law.org, LAWYERS’ COMMITTEE FOR CIVIL RIGHTS OF THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA, laying the groundwork, Layla Uribe, LChicoine@abodeservices.org, Leadbetter, leadership and management experience, Leadership Board Members, leads and oversees grant program aiming to stimulate regional coordination between entities that provide services to the homeless and reduce the number of people experiencing homelessness, led research and strategic data efforts, Legal, Legal Affairs, legal authority, legal@amwftrust.org, Legislation, Leisersen, Leslie Berland, lgarcia-realestate-taxes@hotmail.com, LGBTQIA, lguzman@everyonehome.org, lhu@cooclaw.com, lhunter@abodeservices.org, liability, Liang, Libby, Libby Schaaf, Lily Mei, linda chaboud-beardsley, Linda Hum, linda.chaboud-beardsley@acgov.org, LinusL@auditor.ca.gov, Lisa Gilbert, listen to people across the country about how they're making ends meet, Live Oak, Livermore, Livermore Self-Sufficiency Center, Liz Varela, Liz.Taing@acgov.org, LLP, lmandolini@edenhousing.org, LMcQuay@innercitylaw.org, lmead@innercitylaw.org, lmei@fremont.gov, locally and nationally recognized, logging into websites, los angeles, Los Angeles County Supervisor, Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority, Louis Chicoine, Lourdes, Lourdes Castro-Ramírez, Lourdes M. Castro Ramírez, Lourdes Ramírez, Lourdes.Castro-Ramírez@bcsh.ca.gov, Lourdes.Castro-Ramirez@hcd.ca.gov, loves all the food and culture the Bay Area has to offer, LPruitt@acgov.org, lucy.kasdin@acgov.org, lucy.kasdin@acgov.org Luella.penserga@acgov.org, Luella Penserga, Luella.penserga@acgov.org, Luis Garcia, LUribe@bayareacs.org, LYING BY OMISSION, M C Hammer, MA, made a point, Madeleine Dean (D-Pa.), Magistrate Judge Bruce Reinhart, MAIN LINE, makes it diabolically impossible, Malcolm Jenkins, MAlfaro@abodeservices.org, managed field operations and protocol implementation, managed programs designed to help improve the economic and housing stability of families and single adults, Management Analyst, Manager of the Homeless Housing, Managing Partner, Manuel Loggins Jr., marc t. brown, marc.t.brown@kp.org, Margaret Alfaro, margarita, margaritaf@auditor.ca.gov, Marilyn Lovelace-Grant, Marina Soto, Mark Gerry, Mark Ridley Thomas, Marnelle Timson, Martin Hoshino, Martinez, massive, Master of Public Affairs, Master's in Public Policy, Masters, MATTHEW, Matthew Doherty HCFC Consultant, MATTHEW TABARANGAO, Matthew.Doherty@bcsh.ca.gov, Matthew.Tabarangao@gov.ca.gov, Mayor, Mayor email, Mayor Mcquaid, Mayor Name, Mayor phone, mayor@cityofberkeley.info, mayormarchand@cityoflivermore.net, mayors of both San Francisco and Oakland, Mazie Hirono (D-Hawaii), mcw@mcwrealestatelaw.com, Meat, mechanisms, media@innercitylaw.org, Medical Expenses, medications, meeting, Megan Johnson, Megan Kirkeby, Megan.kirkeby@hcd.ca.gov, megan@wolford-wayne.com, Melinda Grant, Melinda.Grant@bcsh.ca.gov, Melissa Taesali, melissa@homebaseccc.org, melissat@haca.net, members, Members of The Public, memorandum, MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING, mental health agencies, Merrick Garland, Merrily Friedlander, mgilg@homelessactioncenter.org, Michael Brown, Michael Caputo, Michael DeOrian, Michael Hannon, Michael Tigar, Michael Ward, Michael.DeOrian@hayward-ca.gov, Michael.Mock@hcd.ca.gov, Michelle Cabrera, michelle.starratt@acgov.org, Microsoft Teams, mike.hannon@newark.org, milavarasan1@gmail.com, misrepresentation, MJP 804620, MManji@innercitylaw.org, MMartinez@innercitylaw.org, MNussbaum@innercitylaw.org, mobile, Moe Wright, Mona.Palacios@acgov.org, Mondaire Jones (D-N.Y.), money markets, Monica, monica.hernandez@hcd.ca.gov, MONIQUE ALARCON, MONIQUE.ALARCON8@GMAIL.COM, Monith Ilavarasan, monith4mayor@gmail.com, Montenegro, morally, more specific, Moss, motivation, MOU, movements in defense, MSpivak@innercitylaw.org, Multi Cultural/Interfaith Religious Institutions, multiple policy areas, murphm@acgov.org, Murphy, mward@bayareacs.org, nagrajplanning@gm ail.com, name, name and stead of the applicant, name(s) of household member(s), nancy gordon, Nancy McPeak, Nancy Pelosi, nancy.gordon@kp.org, Nancy.Halloran@acgov.org, Nang X. Cao, Natasha.Paddock@acgov.org, Nathan Fletcher, national homeless czar, national research project, National Security Agency, ndaly@bayareacs.org, needs assessment, needs to move, Neil Gorsuch, Nena Garcia, Nena.Garcia@bcsh.ca.gov, neutralize and eliminate the TARGET, new associate members, new committee, new incremental, New Yorkers, Newark, Newsom, ngeha@innercitylaw.org, ngheyaszada@bayareacs.org, Nic Ming, NLG, NLG-SFBA, nmcpeak@alamedaca.gov, no images, no need for you to send them, NON-ANSWERS, Non-Compliance, non-shelter, nonprofit groups, nonprofit homeless providers, Nonprofit Housing Association of Northern California, nonprofit social enterprise providing job training for opportunity youth, Nora Daly, North Oakland, Northern District of California, Northern Division, Northern Region, NOT having a investigation nor trial, NOT my fault, NOT the way you want it to be perceived, not your imagination, notify me that you have, nowtruth, NowTruth.Org, NRoman@naeh.org, NSA, NTercero@edenhousing.org, numerous rapporteurs, Nurges Gheyaszada, nwashington@allhomecalifornia.org, Oakland, Oakland City Council Rules of Procedure/Code of Ethics, Oakland Housing Authority, Oakland Mayor, Oakland Open Government, Oakland Promise, Oakland Sunshine Ordinance, Obesity, observing, obstruction of justice, obtains or discloses any information under false pretenses concerning an applicant or participant may be subject to a misdemeanor and fined not more than $5000, Of The People, Office Manager, Office of Emergency Services Commanding Officer, Office Technician, officeofthemayor@oaklandnet.com, Olmstead, Olmstead@hcd, on behalf of, on the premises of federally assisted housing, ONE, One Sansome Street, ONLY document, open a congressional investigation, Operations Coordinator, or, org, Organizational Development, organizational development engagements, organizations that serve homeless and formerly homeless veterans, Orion Security, orionsecurity.com, Oscar Grant, Oscar Grant III, oscarm@haca.net, other eligible expenses, other resources available in the community, our most fundamental rights, out, out of assumed ignorance, oversaw a diverse portfolio of projects, Oversight, owner recruitment and outreach, Oxford University, P.L. 117-2, Pacific AIDS Education and Training Center, Pamela Kong, part, part of the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research, Parties, partner, party, Pastor L. J. Jennings, Pat Gacoscos, PatG@UnionCity.org, Patricia Calloway, Patricia.Ochoa@bcsh.ca.gov, Patrol Manager, Patti Ochoa, Paul, Paul asked during an interview with Fox News show Fox & Friends, Paul Berry, PAUL L. HOFFMAN, Paulette Franklin, Pauline Russo Cutter, PaulN@auditor.ca.gov, pballew@sanleandro.org, pcutter@sanleandro.org, peace, pedro.galvao@hcd.ca.gov, Peggy McQuaid, pehpinbox@innercitylaw.org, Penalty provisions for misusing the Social Security numbers are contained in the Social Security Act at 42 U.S.C. 208 (f), people who are administrating the AC3 and Homestretch Housing Items Program with the the homeless clients case workers ordering those goods, permanent, perpetuate their own criminal judicial/legal violence upon innocent common people, PERSON MOST KNOWLEDGABLE, personally, Pete Ballew, PGlassoff@edenhousing.org, PHA, Philip Mangano, Philip.Mangano@abolitionistroundtable.com, PHN, Photos, Piedmont, pkong@ssrplaw.com, place him in, Planning Commission, Planning Manager, planning@cityoflivermore.net, PlanningCommission, PLANTING FABRICATED EVIDENCE, Pleasanton, Please, please contact, PLEASE point out, PLEASE send your correspondence via postal mail to the address provided, pmcquaid@albanyca.org, police@hayward-ca.gov, policies, Policy Advocate, politic, Political and Legislative, political economy, Political/Judicial Institution, Politics, portalhelp@haca.net, Potential, poverty, Power, Power of Attorney, Practice Director, Pre-Development & Compliance, presentations and implementation, President Barack Obama, President Biden, President of End Citizens United / Let America Vote Action Fund, presidents, press@aclunc.org, Principal Attorney, principles and practices, prior role, private, probono.info@lawfoundation.org, probono@socialjusticecollaborative.org, produce, professional background, professionally, Professor Adeel Malik, PROGRAM INTEGRITY, Program Manager, Program Manager and Analyst at The Constitution Project of the Project On Government Oversight, Program Specialist, Program Type, programs designed to help families transition to permanent housing, proper response in advance, protected government endemically corrupt legal system, provider agreement, provocation, psychological/emotional torture, public, Public Administration, public assistance, public body, Public Ethics, public health crisis, Public Health Nursing, public housing agencies, Public Housing Agency, public housing and neighborhood revitalization effort, Public Housing Authority, public policy, Purpose, pursuant to U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Notice PIH 2021-15 (HA), pursue investigations against those, put things into those boxes to entrap him, qhameed@bayareacs.org, Qimmah Hameed, questioning, R-Fla., R-Mo., R-S.C., Rachel Cole-Jansen, Racial Injustice, Racial Justice, racism, Ralph Civil Rights Act, Ramírez, rampant fraud in the AC3 and Homestretch Housing Items Programs for the homeless clients by uncontrolled administration and case workers, Rapporteurs, rather than pursuing an investigation, raygonzalesjr@gmail.com, Raymond Gonzales, Rcolejansen@abodeservices.org, Real Oakland Administrative Reform, Rebecca Sanders, referred to herein individually, Refugee Crisis, Regina Wang, regina.wang@lw.com, Regional Action Plan, Regional Impact Council, Register.com, Reinhart donated to the presidential campaign of Barack Obama, Reinhart represented former employees of deceased sex-trafficker Jeffrey Epstein, related to COVID-19, religious, rely, Renee DuPree, Renee Tripp, renewal, rental application holding fees, Rep. Anthony Sabatini, Rep. Elise Stefanik, Rep. Fred Keller, Rep. Jim Jordan, Rep. Lauren Boebert (R-Colo.), Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene, repeal of the Espionage Act, Reply-To, report, report a covered housing provider, reporting on, Representative Pramila Jayapal (D-Wash.), represented within the geographic area, require a permanent address, requirement, Requirements of This Notice, residency, Residency and Family Composition, Residency and Vehicles, resource, responsibilities include working with jurisdictions and providing technical assistance on all things homelessness, responsibility, retaliation, Rhys Williams, rhys.williams@gov.ca.gov, RIC Project Manager, Richard (Hoa) Cooc, Richard Blumenthal (D-Conn.), Richard Wieking, richard.bloom@asm.ca.gov, RIGHTS, Riley.wilkerson@acgov.org, Riverside County Supervisor, rmcbain@piedmont.ca.gov, RN, ROAR, Rob, Robert Kaiden, Robert McBain, Robert Pearl, Robert Salinas, Robert Wilson, Robert.Pearl@kp.org, RobertH@auditor.ca.gov, Rocio Toriz, Ron Wyden (D-Ore.), Ronald G. Overholt, Ronald Madison, Room 536, rooted in data, Rooyna Ayubi, rooynaa@haca.net, Roshan Segatol-Islami, Rourke, RReed@innercitylaw.org, rsanders@bayareacs.org, rsegatol-islami@bayareacs.org, rtoriz@ssrplaw.com, rtripp@bayareacs.org, Rules of Court 10.500 et. seq., run by Federalist Society co-chair Leonard Leo, Ryan Seeley, ryan.seeley@hcd.ca.gov, Ryan.Seely@hcd.ca.gov, s.sanchez@amcllc.net, Sacramento, Sacramento Mayor, sacramento.homeless.union@gmail.com, Salinas Law Group, samira stanley, Samuel Alito, San Diego County Supervisor, san francisco, San Francisco Community Justice Center of the Superior Court of California, San Francisco Mayor Edwin Lee, San Francisco/ Oakland Bay Area, San Jose, San Leandro, San Mateo, San Pablo Avenue, Sandra Bland, Santa Ana, Santa Clara County, Sara Lamnin, sara vinson, sara Winslow, Sara.Buizer@hayward-ca.gov, sara.lamnin@hayward-ca.gov, sara.vinson@kp.org, Sarah Ross, saraLamnin@sbcglobal.net, Sasha Kergan, Sasha.Kergan@bcsh.ca.gov, satisfy, SBerg@naeh.org, SBN, SBolton@innercitylaw.org, Schaaf, SCHONBRUN, school, school districts, School Safe Zones, School-to-Prison Pipeline, scope, Scott Donahue, Scott Wagner, scott@sdonahue.com, SD 26, SDI benefits, sdonahue@emeryville.org, Sean Bell, Sean McCluskie, Secretary, Section 1001 of the U.S. Code, Section 3202 of the ARP, Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program, Section 8 Moderate Rehabilitation Program, Section 8 Project- Based Voucher Program, security, seek additional assistance, Self-Sufficiency Center, Sen. John Cornyn, Sen. Josh Hawley, Sen. Lindsey Graham, Sen. Marco Rubio, Senate and House members advocacy, senator, Senator Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.), Senator Rand Paul (R-Kentucky), Senator Ron Johnson, sending those goods with ALL delivery notices to themselves at the homeless clients addresses, senior, Senior Administrative Analyst, senior citizen PACH resident, Senior Counsel, Senior Counselor, senior counselor to the Governor for Housing and Homelessness, Senior Director of Health & Wellness, Senior Director of Housing Programs, Senior Director of Performance and Data Analytics, Senior Program Manager, Senior Tenants, SEPLOW, served public sector, service provider agreement, service providers, services, services to EHV families, sever all ties with the Justice Department, SFMOMA, Shanice Kelley, Shannan Truong, ShannanT@auditor.ca.gov, Shannon.Eng@acgov.org, shao4citycouncil2018@gmail.com, share the concern, Sharon Rapport, Shawn Kumagai, shawn kumugai, shawn.kumugai@dublin.ca.gov, shawn4dublin@gmail.com, SHecht@innercitylaw.org, Sheila Jackson Lee (D-Texas), Sheldon Whitehouse (D-R.I.), Shelter Plus Care Certificate Program, SHenson@innercitylaw.org, Sherry Buie, Sherry.Buie@kp.org, ship, SHM Consulting, shop, Shut down the FBI and prosecute this gang of dangerous criminals, Sibin Ibrahim, signed, signed by, Signed by Congressman, Signed by Senators, signing this consent form, site manager, Siu-Henh Canimo, Siu-HenhC@auditor.ca.gov, sjm@greensteinmcdonald.com, skelley@bayareacs.org, Skhvann@abodeservices.org, slew@lccrsf.org, SMcDonald@naeh.org, smiller@lafamiliacounseling.org, Smoking, SMulkey@naeh.org, SNAP, SNITCHES within the TARGETED PARTY’s circle, social impact consulting firm, Social Impact Wheel, Social Justice Reform, social service organizations, social service providers, Social Services Agency, Social Services Agency team members, Sofia Pereira, Sonya Khvann, South Dakota Gov. Kristi L. Noem, SpamCop, SPECIAL, Special Operations, Special Procedures, Special Programs, Special Rapporteur Reports, Special Rapporteurs, specific mandate, specific thematic areas, SPOLIATION OF EVIDENCE, Sport Justice, Sprouts, sroller@nhlp.org, Sross@abodeservices.org, SSA, stacey geis, Stacey Murphy, Stacey Talieres, Stacy Hill, stacy.hill@acgov.org, Stanford Center on Poverty and Inequality, State and Local, STATE CAPITOL, State Financial Assistance, State Police Officers, State Programs, State Welfare and Food Stamp Agency, state’s legislature, states that a person is guilty of a felony for knowingly and willingly making false or fraudulent statements to any department of the United States Government, statewide task force on homelessness, Ste 2000, Ste. 400 San Francisco, Steinberg Institute, Stephanie Hinds, Stephanie Ramirez-Ridgeway, StephanieR@auditor.ca.gov, Stephon Clark, Steven Cohen (D-Tenn.), STEVEN J. McDONALD, strategic convergence, Student Status, Students Civil Rights; Hate and Bias at School, submit any questions, SUBORNATION AND SOLICITATION OF PERJURIOUS TESTIMONY, Suite, Suite 100, Suite 1100, Suite 1173, Suite 1200, Suite 143, SUITE 300, Suite 350-A, Suite C330, Summerwood Manager, summerwood@amcllc.net, superstar management, Superstarmanagement.com, Superstars, Supplemental, supplementary food assistance, supported financial capability initiatives and services for all youth, supported the data collection phase of the project, Supreme Court nominees, SUSAN S. MURANISHI, suspiciously, Sutton, Suzanne Shenfil, Suzanne Warner, Suzanne.Warner@acgov.org, SWagner@abodeservices.org, Sylvia Garcia (D-Texas), Systemic Corruption, Systemic Racism, TABARANGAO, Tad Egawa, Tad.Egawa@bcsh.ca.gov, tadams@abodeservices.org, Tamir Rice, Tammy Adams, tampering, Tara Bhuthimethee, Tara Desautels, Taras Tyulyakov, task force, tasked, Taylor, TDESAUTELS@alameda.courts.ca.gov, team members, Ted Cruz, Ted Lieu (D-Calif.), Teen Abuse, Teen Depression, Teen Suicide, Teen Violence, TEENS OF THE 60s, tenants, tenantstogether.org, Terrance, Terrance Thompson, Terrell Hegler, TESTIMONY, TGlenn@innercitylaw.org, that Committee, that provided invaluable information as to what and where the sensitive documents were, that the FBI may have planted classified information at Mar-a-Lago during the raid, The answer is obvious, the boxes of material they took from Mar-a-Lago, The COINTELPRO 2K22, THE COUNTY OF ALAMEDA, the deep state truly does exist, The Department of Justice has reached an intolerable state of weaponized politicization. Attorney General Garland: preserve your documents and clear your calendar, The DOJ and FBI, the DOJ to be cleaned out, The espionage act was abused from the beginning to jail dissenters of WWI, The FBI, the FBI has declared war on the American people at such a level and with such total dishonesty, The FBI is the KGB, The FBI unprecedented political weaponization of the Justice Department, The Gateway Pundit, The Genius of Randy Wallace Inc., the gross examples of prejudice, the homeless clients have no way of knowing what they are being billed for to account for being over or under their $3, the judicial administrative and regulatory agencies, the largest known political advocacy donation in U.S. history, The Letter, the lives of people in need, The National Lawyers Guild, the Oakland Berkeley, The objective of the Entrapment Strategy is to disable, The Oversight Committee, the Rules of Professional Conduct, The search warrant must be published, the tradition, the U.S., the use of secret informants, THegler@bayareacs.org, Their political enemies, there is NO accountability for the ordering and delivery of those goods by those in administration of the programs nor the clients case workers, they are NOT being received nor read, THEY’LL COME YOU TONIGHT, This consent form expires 15 months from the date of signature, This information may be used for applicants or participants of the following programs, This is next-level Nixonian, Thomas L. Berkley Square, Thompson, those whose Civil Rights, thousands of men, Three-letter federal agencies are coming for you, Tides Center, Tiffany Garcia, Tiffany Muller, Tiffany.Garcia@bcsh.ca.gov, timing of the sensational raid suggests the DOJ and FBI, Tina Chia-Chi Hwang, Tirza White, Title 18, tmoss@allhomeca.org, tmurphy@naeh.org, To, to a lifetime registration requirement, to administer the Emergency Housing Vouchers ("EHV"), to determine eligibility for assisted housing benefits and to confirm that these benefits are set at the correct level, to execute, to Federal agencies for employment suitability purposes, to housing authorities for the purpose of determining housing assistance, TO INVESTIGATE, to investigate human rights situations, to other government agencies for law enforcement purposes, to request information as specified from the source(s) checked below, to serve for the public, to the extent these groups, to the Institution, Tobener Ravenscroft, Tomiquia, Tomiquia Moss, Toney Chaplin, Toney.Chaplin@hayward-ca.gov, Tony Ruch, tony@awolfflaw.com, Total, Total Weight, totally un-American, Town Center, Trade School, Training Support, Transcripts, transform, transitional, Trayvon Martin, treaties, treaty committee, Trish Herrera Spencer, Trump's federal court appointments, Trung Le, tspencer@alamedaca.gov, tthompson@allhomeca.org, TTY, Tunisia Owens, tweeted, Twitter, U. S. Federal District Court, U.N. Human Rights Council, U.S., U.S. Attorney's Office, U.S. Customs Service, U.S. Department of Consumer Affairs, U.S. Department of Corrections, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT, U.S. Department of Insurance, U.S. Department of Justice, U.S. Department of Transportation, U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness, U.S. Marshals Service, U.S. Postal Service, U.S. Secret Service, U.S. Social Security Administration, ucmayor@unioncity.org, UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital Oakland, UNAWARE, UNAWARE COMMON EVERYDAY CIVILIANS, under any state’s sex offender program, undercover employee of the FBI, UNDERSTANDING, undertake unbiased litigation, Unemployment, unforced error, Unincorporated Areas, Union City, Unions and union members, United Nations, United States Attorney General, United States Attorney's Office, United States Constitution Amendments, United States Senator, universities, University of California, University of Michigan, Unruh Rights Act, unscrupulous judicial, unsecure, US Senate candidate Blake Masters, USE OF FBI, Use of the information collected based on this verification form is restricted to the purposes cited above, Uses of Information to be Obtained, Using government power to persecute political opponents is something we have seen many times from 3rd world Marxist dictatorships, Using the criminal justice system in this manner is un-American, USMS, UT, utility deposit, V. Manuel Perez, Valerie Kane, Van Jones, Vandalized on Property, Vanessa Diaz, vanessad@haca.net, variety of nonprofits, various roles with that project, vehicle, VENUS JOHNSON, Verification of Need of Reasonable Accommodation, Veronica Escobar (D-Texas), very nature and inherent structure/operation, very standards, vested in the betterment of the lives, via regular email, Vice Chairperson, Vice President of Community Relations, Vice President of Human Resources, Vice President of Programs, Vice President of Property Management, victim service providers, Victor Duron, Victor.Duron@bcsh.ca.gov, Victoria Henley, Video, Videos, Vijaya Gadde, Vince Russo, vindictive harassment, Violation of these provisions are cited as violations of 42 U.S.C. 408 (f), violations of these rights, violence, VIRTU, viruses, vital services, Vivian, Vivian Wan, Vogel, volunteers, Voters Rights organizations, voting rights, Vouchers, VRagunathan@innercitylaw.org, VRusso@abodeservices.org, vulnerable to hacking, VWan@abodeservices.org, W-2/1099/Tax Returns/Other IRS forms for years: 2010 through 2015, wading into controversy, Wage, Wage and Dates of Employment, waive the applicants right, Walter Scott, Wan, WATKINS, We are seeing “he ugly face of a tyranny, We are truly living in a situation where the FBI has become a Praetorian Guard from Rome where they take it unto themselves to decide who wields power in this country, We have become Russia, We now need to carry the fight against organized crime to its logical conclusion, Wealth Inequality, weaponization of federal agencies, weaponizing vindictive rulings in furtherance of their agenda, We’d be better off to think of these people (DOJ & FBI) as wolves, Website, weight, Wendy Felber, Wendy Jackson, Wendy.Felber@hayward-ca.gov, Wesley Tiu, wesley.tiu@lw.com, Western Center on Law and Poverty, What documents, what legal document I have been provided, where does it state, WHEREAS, wherein the TARGETED PARTY, Whistleblower, white class and privileged bias, White House advisor Stephen Miller, Who do you think they’ll weaponize the 87, whom criminal referrals have been voted out of Congress, wield the gavel next year, will use this information to verify information supplied by my family, Willful Criminal Deception, william deplitch, William Fitts, WILLIAM WISE, william.deplitch@hayward-ca.gov, with alacrity, with John Roberts' official membership disputed, with the courts system to deny and exhaust any and all notions of civil rights, with the worst aspects of an evil society, without any evidence, without the deciding and controlling actions, without the homeless client having any knowledge of the ordering nor delivery of those goods, Wolford Wayne LLP, wolves who want to dominate, wolves who want to eat you, women, women and children living, worked with the “COURTEL”, working with community partners to determine the best uses and targeting for EHV, worried that Justice, www.abolitionistroundtable.com, www.allhomeca.org, www.haca.net, www.sdonahue.com, Xavier Becerra, Xenophobia, Yan Ting Liu, Yang Shao, yliu@cooclaw.com, YOU ARE DOING SO INFORMED AND WILLINGLY, you can debate whether or not any of that has caused harm, You cannot request to have any of your documents sent to you by email without the encryption, you need to take a breath, you’re living in a third world country, your assumption, your email, Youth, Youth Action Board, yshao@fremont.gov, Yvette Trevino, Zachary, Zachary Hoyer, Zachary.Hoyer@hayward-ca.gov, Zachary.Olmstead@hcd.ca.gov, Zachary@HCD, Zack Olmstead, zshroff@lccrsf.org . 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